Nestled within the crystal-clear waters of Thailand lies a treasure trove of natural wonders, a living testament to the miracles of marine biodiversity, hosting a kaleidoscope of marine species that call these underwater gardens home. Dive into a world of breathtaking beauty, where the vibrant colors of the ocean’s canvas come alive in an intricate dance of marine biodiversity.
Thailand is home to a quarter of the world’s coral reefs, with 120 km2. In Southeast Asian waters, the coral reefs are found in the Andaman Sea, Western and Easter Gulf of Thailand, with about 300 major reef groups of coastal ecosystems protecting against erosion and storms.
Related: Are There Dangerous Animals In Thailand?
How Many Coral Reefs Are There In Thailand?
Thailand’s coral reefs are known as the rainforests of the seas due to their high biodiversity of kaleidoscopic colors and enchanting marine creatures. They support about 25% of marine life, including fish, invertebrates, and plants, providing essential habitats, breeding grounds, and shelter for countless marine species.
Beyond their ecological importance, coral reefs are also influential in protecting coastal areas from erosion and storm damage by acting as natural barriers. Research shows that coral reefs can reduce the incoming energy of waves by 97%, reducing the risk of coastal erosion and structural damage to coastlines.
There are roughly 349 coral reefs in the Gulf of Thailand (GoF) and the Andaman Sea. With just under 800 islands, each with its magical ecosystem and coral reefs that attract millions of tourists each year to view the splendor of the underwater marvels.
Andaman Sea Coral Reefs
Located in the eastern part of the warm Indian Ocean with a 700km shoreline, the Andaman Sea consists of 545 islands. It contains 55% of Thailand’s major coral reefs, with a higher biodiversity of corals with about 210 species, compared to the Gulf of Thailand.
| Province | Number of reefs | Major reefs |
| Phang-Nga | 21 | Surin Islands Similan Islands |
| Satun | 14 | Adang-Rawi |
| Trang | 15 | Ko Rok |
| Phuket | 12 | Raja Kottae |
| Krabi | 7 | Koh Phi Phi |
| Ranong | 4 | Koh Chang |
Gulf Of Thailand Coral Reefs
The Gulf of Thailand is not as popular a destination for international scuba and snorkel divers as the Andaman Sea. However, it still offers unique and beautiful coral reefs to explore.
Western Gulf Of Thailand Coral Reefs
The Western Gulf of Thailand consists of 150 islands, with 20% of Thailand’s coral reefs found in these waters.
| Province | Number of reefs | Major reefs |
| Surat Thani | 19 | Ang Thong |
| Chumphon | 18 | Ko Chorakhe |
| Parchuap Kiri Khan | 5 | Koh Rat |
Eastern Gulf Of Thailand Coral Reefs
The Eastern Gulf of Thailand has 100 islands with major coral reefs, making up about 25% of Thailand’s coral reefs.
| Province | Number of reefs | Major reefs |
| Trat | 19 | Koh Chang Kradat |
| Rayang | 13 | Somet Thalu Man |
| Chonburi | 25 | Sichang Pattaya |
Which Are The 3 Best Coral Reefs To Visit In Thailand?
Thailand is renowned for its stunning coral reefs, attracting snorkelers and divers worldwide to explore its vibrant underwater ecosystems.
These remarkable coral reefs, found around the Similan Islands, Koh Lanta, and Koh Tao, present a unique and awe-inspiring underwater adventure.
From vibrant coral gardens to diverse marine life, these three locations boast some of the best coral reefs to visit in Thailand, offering an unforgettable opportunity to explore the beauty and biodiversity of Thailand’s marine ecosystems.
1. Similan Islands
The Similan Islands, located in the Andaman Sea, are a haven for marine enthusiasts. These nine exquisite islands are part of a national park established in 1982. They are renowned for their crystal-clear waters and diverse marine life.
Rich coral gardens, mesmerizing rock formations, and abundant marine species make this a paradise for beginners and experienced divers.
The vibrant coral reefs surrounding the Similan Islands are home to various marine creatures, from colorful tropical fish to majestic manta rays and gentle whale sharks.
2. Koh Lanta
Koh Lanta is situated in the southern part of the Andaman Sea, boasting spectacular coral reefs that offer a captivating underwater experience. This island paradise is surrounded by coral gardens teeming with life in the dive sites of Hin Daeng and Hin Muang near Ko Lanta, which are reachable by boat and are rated as some of the best dive sites in the world.
With numerous diving sites suitable for all skill levels, Koh Lanta provides a unique opportunity to explore shallow reefs brimming with anemones, clownfish, and vibrant corals.
The clear, calm waters make it an ideal spot for snorkeling, allowing visitors to marvel at the breathtaking underwater landscapes.
3. Koh Tao
Known as the “Turtle Island,” Koh Tao is nestled on the western shores of the Gulf of Thailand and is a haven for both beginners and advanced divers alike. The island’s warm waters and diverse marine ecosystems make it an excellent place to learn and explore.
Its coral reefs offer a captivating range of marine life, including colorful coral species, schools of tropical fish, and the occasional sighting of gentle sea turtles.
The vibrant underwater world of Koh Tao offers eleven different dive sites that vary in depth from 10m to 45m, presenting an opportunity to witness nature’s diverse marine beauty.
What Are The Best Reasons To Visit Coral Reefs In Thailand?
Exploring the coral reefs in Thailand offers an enchanting and captivating experience that draws adventurers and nature enthusiasts alike. These breathtaking underwater wonderlands, situated around Thailand’s picturesque islands, hold a multitude of enticing reasons to explore their vibrant depths.
Breathtaking Biodiversity
A sensory symphony unfolds as visitors are enveloped by the sheer diversity of marine species thriving in these coral gardens. Schools of tropical fish dart among the corals, while larger creatures like graceful manta rays, playful dolphins, and tiger sharks make enchanting appearances.
Symbiotic Marvels
Thailand’s coral reefs are living masterpieces, showcasing nature’s intricate and delicate balance. These reefs provide a sanctuary for an astonishing variety of corals, from branching and massive corals to delicate fan corals, each contributing to the formation of awe-inspiring underwater habitats.
Diverse Exploration
Whether you’re a novice snorkeler or an experienced diver, Thailand’s coral reefs cater to a wide range of skill levels, from shallow, easily accessible areas perfect for beginners to deeper, more challenging sites that intrigue seasoned adventurers.
Excellent Underwater Visibility
Thailand’s coral reefs boast unparalleled clarity in their waters, offering a window to a surreal and vibrant world beneath the surface. With exceptional visibility, divers and snorkelers are treated to unobstructed views of the kaleidoscopic coral formations and the teeming marine life that call these reefs home.
Frequently Asked Questions
If you have more questions about coral reefs, these are some of the most popular questions we get asked.
Is Coral An Animal Or Plant?
While coral is an animal, its close association with photosynthetic algae blurs the lines between the animal and plant kingdoms, making it a unique and fascinating organism in its own right.
How Long Does Coral Live?
The growth rate of corals is generally slow, with many species adding only a few millimeters to their size each year.
Branching corals, such as Acropora species, tend to grow faster but have shorter lifespans, often ranging from 5 to 50 years. Massive corals, like brain corals and boulder corals, grow more slowly but can live for several centuries, with some reaching ages of 500 years or more.
